October Sky The Movie Essay

The film October Sky manages a great deal of subjects that despite everything exist in social orders everywhere throughout the present reality. One of the fundamental subjects and maybe the most clear is the moving thought of pursuing one’s dream and never surrendering until progress is found. In the film, we discover Homer Hickam, a normal humble community kid, fascinated by the dispatch of Soviet satellite Sputnik and beguiled by joining the space race and making his own rockets. Homer gets motivated to better himself. He needs to effectively fabricate rockets and with further support from his educator, Miss Riley, he and his companions enter a science reasonable in which they get the opportunity to get school grants. This is Homer’s dream and he defines his objectives in like manner to accomplish his fantasy. Homer doesn’t permit any snag, even family inconveniences, to prevent him from acquiring his fantasy. His acknowledgment of his objectives and industriousness in accomplishing them is a truly honorable activity and is something that despite everything happens constantly. Over various decades the fantasies may change and the provokes one face to accomplish them might be unique however regardless of what decade, individuals are continually going to have dreams and objectives they need to accomplish in their lives. Each individual wants to be effective and upbeat. Achievement and accomplishment of dreams doesn't come simple. An individual must have assurance to be effective and the topic of seeking to an objective and a superior life doesn't disappear over decades, regardless of how large or little the fantasy is. Family strife is another subject that is all inclusive for some reasons. In a few different ways, family strife is joined with the subject of the age hole. This is on the grounds that family strife is regularly brought about by an absence of comprehension among individuals and that frequently happens among grown-ups and youngsters/adolescents. In October Sky, the contention among Homer and his dad, John, was from multiple points of view inescapable. Homer and John were purchased up in totally different universes. John experienced childhood in a conventional reality where most things were dark or white †right or wrong and things were constantly done likewise way. Homer is living hisâ teenage years in a period where the eventual fate of humble communities is questionable and the United States is being hauled into a mechanical age. Experiencing childhood in such various universes leaves the two with altogether different considerations and viewpoints on pretty much everything which implies they are no uncertainty going to conflict on those focuses. Their alternate points of view cause Homer and John to once in a while agree on things. The main thing they appeared to share for all intents and purpose was the way that they were both difficult and that neutralized them. Family clashes are frequently inescapable, even right up 'til the present time. The age hole among Homer and John that caused a great deal of their issues clearly still happens between families in each nation of our decade and will most likely despite everything happen for the remainder of time. The subjects managed in October Sky, for example, the quest for a fantasy, family strife, age hole and all the more, for example, money related issues have been around for quite a while and presumably for quite a while to come. www.wikipedia.comwww.imdb.com

The script of the Crucible Essays

The content of the Crucible Essays The content of the Crucible Paper The content of the Crucible Paper In The Crucible there are numerous profoundly sensational scenes where Miller makes a lot of strain and feeling in the crowd. Envision you are coordinating a creation of The Crucible. Depict how you would arrange these scenes and how you would develop strain and feeling in your crowd. The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, was written in America during the 1950s. It portrays an educational relationship between the Salem witch-chase in 1692 and the McCarthy socialist preliminaries in 1950s America. Truth be told, Miller utilized a portion of the specific recorded discourse from the McCarthy preliminaries in the content of The Crucible. While viewing The Crucible the crowd ought to recollect that the individuals of Salem were devotedly puritan, thus anything that negated the rules, or any piece of the Bible would be vigorously disapproved of. Thus, inside the setting of the play, could be gone in to indications of black magic by individuals controlling reality. Toward the finish of Act III Elizabeth denies that Proctor has had an illicit relationship after Proctor has admitted to it. On the off chance that she comes clean it would have thrown solid questions across Abigails allegations. Subsequently Hale-maybe past the point of no return tells the court he trusts Proctor. Abigail, indicating her heartless cleverness once more, imagines Mary is sending her soul on her. Danforth trusts her. Mary, because of the weight from Danforth, the danger of death, and the young ladies panic blames Proctor for black magic and comes back to Abigail. Delegate and Giles are captured toward the finish of the demonstration. At the point when Elizabeth is brought in to the court I figure she ought to be driven in from the rear of the amphitheater, which will develop anticipation and strain in the crowd. I would gather the young ladies in front of an audience left, with Abigail marginally closer the inside and looking back. The young ladies should gaze wide-looked at Elizabeth. Delegate should stand the reflected situation of Abigail, again looking back. Robust ought to be near him, yet further right, looking apprehensively, yet marginally hopefully, at Elizabeth. This should show the crowd how the weight has all been moved to Elizabeth. Danforth should remain down focus looking out, and when Elizabeth arrives at the stage she should stand close before him looking towards him. This ought to make an emotional triangle between Elizabeth, Proctor, and Abigail. This ought to represent Elizabeths quandary. Regardless of whether to reprimand Abigail and keep to her Christian feelings, or to spare Johns name from disgrace. Elizabeth is brought in to affirm Proctors guarantee that he and Abigail engaged in extramarital relations. Delegate is sure she will come clean, as she never lies. He says that in her life she have never lied. This ought to make anticipation in the crowd, as they can detect Elizabeths quandary, yet recognize what John anticipates that her should do. This is one of the focuses in the scene where one of the characters could have changed to result of the play. At the point when Elizabeth denies her better half is an obscene person answering hesitantly to Danforths fierceness No, sir I would have the entire court freeze with the exception of Elizabeth and a focus on her when she says the line No, sir, at that point in a flash the lights should return up, and the activity proceed. This ought to again develop colossal strain in the crowd in the sit tight for Elizabeths choice. At the point when it comes the will be exceptionally shocked, however won't be offered time to recoup as the activity will proceed rapidly. The speed of Danforths response implies this was the appropriate response he needed, as it is brisk and contemptuous of the interests. This is appeared as he promptly arranges the Marshal to Remove her. This I believe is in such a case that she had not denied the illicit relationship it would have likewise left genuine inquiries regarding Danforths abilities of judgment. Sound at that point tells the court that he accept s Proctor and tells the court he has consistently struck me valid. I figure the crowd would think this has come past the point of no return. To underline this Danforth ought to overlook him, strolling back to his seat, not in any event, going to state, she didn't talk anything of licentiousness, and this man has lied. During this I would make Proctor place his head in his grasp, and the young ladies passing exceptionally prudent grins between each other. At the point when Hale says [pointing at Abigail] This young lady has consistently struck me bogus. She has-and Abigail cuts him off. Here we again perceive how Abigail utilizes her situation of intensity in the court. She out of nowhere cuts in about the yellow fledgling saying You won't! Begone! Begone, I state! this abruptly distracts from the individuals who are questioning her.

Management Risks in Financial Institutions Essay

The board Risks in Financial Institutions - Essay Example Essentially, hazard and return are connected a similar way. A minor case of this would be a bank charging distinctive financing costs on various people who have settled on a similar advance. The person who has a moderately poor record as a consumer is probably going to get a higher financing cost as there are odds of him/her not paying the credit bank. Along these lines, there is a higher hazard and the bank gets a better yield through the higher loan fee charged. Be that as it may, hazard should be overseen and there can be a few immense misfortunes if the money related establishment isn't prepared to manage it. Hazard the board is a sort of procedure which each money related establishment needs to have at its center and there are a few sections engaged with this including observing the dangers, estimating these dangers and controlling dangers. It is the examination of hazard blended in with the component of value chance controls. Hazard the board is required by banks and budgetary organizations as a security measure to shield the foundation from any major money related issues. The vulnerability and the potential inalienable dangers that accompany the monetary markets makes it significant for the greater part of the budgetary establishments and banks to utilize hazard the board. The hazard the executives controls are one of the significant determinants of the money related soundness of a bank. The most widely recognized sorts of dangers looked by most money related foundations There are a few kinds of dangers engaged with budgetary organizations and these dangers are as per the following: Systematic hazard. This is otherwise called diversifiable hazard. Essentially this specific kind of hazard implies the danger of the difference in resource esteem related with methodical elements. Thusly, the hazard can't be completely broadened. There are a few subcategories under deliberate dangers and there are different manners by which the estimation of an advantage can be influenced. The determinant of the adjustment in the estimation of the advantages possessed by the establishment and it relies on characteristic and financial elements including loan fees influencing the estimation of the benefits, an expansion in swelling may cause an expansion in fuel costs which may influence transportation and stock worth and changes in monetary conditions which may cause a few changes in the estimation of advantages. Loan cost hazard is one of the significant pieces of deliberate hazard and the organizations needs to quantify the variety and the responsiveness of the rate touchy resources towards the adjustments in financing costs. Ware value chance and remote trade hazard are different dangers which go under efficient dangers that numerous financial specialists attempt to quantify and attempt to limit these. Credit chance. This is the hazard which is identified with the installment by the indebted individuals. Credit chance is the hazard which all the banks face and they have to deal with this so as to be proactive against any future misfortunes. Fundamentally the bank is the loan specialist and is the leaser for the borrower and the hazard is that the borrower may fail and probably won't have the option to take care of the bank. This appears as a really low kind of hazard if a sole individual is included, be that as it may, credit chance likewise includes borrowings worth a large number of dollars by colossal organizations. Regardless of whether the business is well known and has a decent record of loan repayment, it can fail which may bring about lost a huge number of dollars to the bank. As such, it implies that the organization or the individual defaults which is the reason this hazard is otherwise called default chance. Counterparty hazard. This emerges from the

Calligraphy in Islam

Calligraphy is the type of craftsmanship which mean signs and letters in an expressive structure, it’s a type of visual workmanship which was created in western Europe by priests around 1500 years prior. It is a painting which is assists with communicating feelings through plans and show the scholarly aptitudes of a person. it is Greek word characterized by greek roots Kalli meaning excellent and appealing and gharphia alludes to composing. The point of this proposition is to talk about the job of calligraphy in islam and various kinds of calligraphy. Calligraphy is the tongue of the hand, the enjoyment of the soul, the envoy of the psyche, the inheritor of the idea, the weapon of information, the buddy of missing companion, the converser with them over significant distances, the safe of mysteries, and register of occasions. † †Ibrahim Ibn Muhammad Ash-Shaybani Many religions have utilized craftsmanship to representation their center regulation. Islam has utilized t he shapes and sizes of word and letter in calligraphy which is a fundamental type of craftsmanship for Islamic visual articulation and motivation. It representation the social estimations of Muslims. The Islamic calligraphy is a sign of most muslim social orders it stands apart with other calligraphic convention with adaptability and its appropriate to any ornamental reason, from the eighth century it turned out to be increasingly normalized and holding with Muslim character unquestionably more solidly than any composing custom. The instruments utilized by calligrapher are special which incorporates reeds and brush pens, scissors, a blade for cutting the pens, an ink pot, and a honing device, The customary method to hold the pen,† as indicated by Safadi, â€Å"is with center finger, index finger, and thumb very much scattered along the (pen's) shaft. Just the lightest conceivable weight is applied. † The most honorable reeds were local to the beach front terrains of the Persian Gulf. Qalams the most esteemed items are specified over the whole Muslim world. A practiced and convenient copyist would require distinctive qalams so as to accomplish various degrees of fineness. Inks utilized are of different hues however the ink most utilized is dark and earthy colored, since there intensity and textures can be changed, Many of the calligraphers are give preparing on the most proficient method to plan ink while different suggests that their formula is a mystery. In spite of the fact that strategies vary starting with one spot then onto the next spot, most inks depended on residue or light dark blended in with water and gum-Arabic. Different fixings are indigo, minced nerve nuts, and henna. The last phase of readiness included stressing the ink through silk. Additionally, the ink may be perfumed whenever wanted. There are various types of calligraphy confined to Islam the most widely recognized among them is Kufic. It has amalgamation of square and precise lines toward one side, and conservative striking roundabout structures on the other. It arrived at flawlessness in the late 8 century and became to just content to compose Quran for following 300 years. Taliq calligraphy which was created in Iran in the tenth century made by Hassan Ibn Husayn yet because of extraordinary improvement by abd-ul-malk its generally associated with him. It is composed with thick nipped pen with provide food corner cuts, it’s a blend of short flimsy vertical with wide even whose characteristic length is misrepresented at every possible opportunity and particularly toward the finish of work. Thuluth is medieval Islamic style of manually written letter set. It’s composed on principium that 33% of each letter inclines. It is colossal and extravagant calligraphy content which is frequently utilized for titles instead of the long content. The letters are round and possibly written in line so close that the component of letters meet with one another. A significant number of its discripence are found on building landmarks just as on glass, metalwork, materials, and wood. Naskh which implies â€Å"copying,† resembles a sudden spike in demand for a factory which was utilized in customary correspondence and the creation of scholarly works. It has a standard appearance. This calligraphic content of Ibn Muqla was accompanied to greatness by Ibn Al-Bawwaba, a house decorator who turned his hand to calligraphy. In tenth century it was utilized for composing the Quran and this workmanship never finished in Persia However, it is Mirza Ahmad Nayrizi, in the mid eighteenth century who is viewed as the last incredible ace of naskh. There were numerous late improvement in the Calligraphy. The Safavid administration in 1502 created an enlightening artful culminations of Islamic workmanship. During the time of Shah Isma'il and his replacement Shah Tahmasp (1524-1576), the Ta'liq content was designed and formed into a broadly utilized local content which prompted the innovation of a lighter and increasingly exquisite variant called Nasta'liq. The word Nasta'liq is a compound word got from Naskh and Ta'liq The Mughals lived and reigned in India from 1526 to 1858. This administration was the best, most extravagant, and longest enduring Muslim line to manage India. They delivered some best craftsmanship in the history. Nasta'liq, Naskh, and Thuluth were received by the Muslim calligraphers during this time. The energetic improvement of calligraphy in India prompted the making of new forms of Naskh and Thuluth. These Mughal contents are thicker and bolder, the letters are generally separated, and the bends are increasingly adjusted. Calligraphy was incredibly refreshing in this period particularly when the Taj Mahal was manufactured. One name remains firmly connected with It with the heavenly calligraphic engravings showed in the geometric friezes on the white marble †that is the name of the keen calligrapher Amanat Khan, whose genuine name was Abd ul-Haq. It tends to be demonstrated that the reality, that the Arabic calligraphy has more firmly connected with Islam than the Arabic language itself. That is, even uneducated individuals who couldn't consider either spoken or composed Arabic knew quickly when they were in a Muslim domain when they saw the Arabic content plainly showed in calligraphy. This uncommon capacity of the Islamic calligraphy proceeds to the current day. Referencing: Sana Naveed. (2006). islamic calligraphy workmanship. Accessible: http://www.muhammadanart.com/. Last got to seventeenth feb 2011. Islami City. (2005). islamic calligraphy . Accessible: http://www.islamicity.com/culture/calligraphy/. Last got to seventeenth feb 2011. Gallery Of Fine Arts. (202009). Presentation: Traces of the Calligrapher. Accessible: http://sites.asiasociety.org/islamiccalligraphy/presentation hints of-the-calligrapher/. Last got to seventeenth feb 2011. Mamoon Shakkal. (1993). The Language And The Script. Accessible: http://www.sakkal.com/ArtArabicCalligraphy.html. Last got to seventeenth feb 2011. Wilson, Diana Hardy. (1990). The reference book of calligraphy procedures: Headline. p34-56. Saramago (1995). Manual of painting and calligraph: Carcanet, in relationship with Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation,. p1-17.

The Essay Topic

The Essay TopicAn essay topic may be the defining element of a literary composition. It gives the reader a picture of the subject of the essay, what he or she will learn, and how the subject is presented to the reader. Often, the reader's personal experience with the topic may be the best indicator of the manner in which it should be presented to the reader.Your point of view on the subject or essay topic is the key to a coherent entire essay. Your view points may differ from the writer's view points, but they are not the same. The objective is to bring your personal viewpoint and experiences into the essay so that it achieves its purpose - to improve the reader's understanding of the subject.In other words, you cannot judge the essay from your personal viewpoints. You must rely on the writer's and the author's viewpoint to help you come up with the structure of the essay. The essay itself is what is important, and the ideas should be related to the nature of the topic. A strong and coherent essay is a part of what makes an essay successful.Not all original writers agree on the issues of grammar and spelling, but most do agree on the different issues relating to writing style. The essays that are the most successful have the best style. Style is the basis for this success.Style is the basis for this success. The questions are frequently asked: 'What is the best essay topic?' 'How do I write an essay topic?'The answer to these questions is that you cannot write the best essay topics by putting together questions and answers. The best essays are the ones that are related to the subject. A well written essay should use the proper formatting and also berich in vocabulary and in general readability.The second question is how do I write an essay topic? There are a number of ways in which a writer can design his or her essay topic. The simple answer is to start at the beginning and work backwards to cover more material.The simple answer is to start at the beginning an d work backwards to cover more material. The essay topic should not contain too much information. The topic of the essay should be short, easy to read, and without any ambiguity.

ACT Science †Research Summaries Strategy

The ACT Science Test will always be the fourth test you’ll take. It will have 7 passages and you’ll have 35 minutes to complete them. That’s about 5 minutes per passage so moving confidently through this test is essential! It takes practice to gain confidence in interpreting data and understanding the meaning of unfamiliar vocabulary. Luckily, you already have all of the skills necessary to do this from your high school Science classes. Research Summaries involve one or more experiments conducted by a group of students or scientists. Often some type of phenomena will have been observed and the experiments will be set up to investigate how certain factors affect the phenomena. Often a graph, table or figure will accompany the description of the experiments to show the results. Here are some strategies to help you with these! Make sure to underline the Purpose Method for each Experiment as you read (don’t wait until you finish reading everything or you won’t remember!). The Purpose tells you why the scientists are conducting the experiment. What are they trying to find out? Look for verbs like â€Å"to study†¦Ã¢â‚¬  or â€Å"to examine†¦Ã¢â‚¬  in the first explanatory paragraph. That is often where the description of the Purpose can be found. The Method for each experiment will be described in the paragraphs that follow. Make sure to make note of what is similar and what is different between the two experiments if there is more than one. Sometimes the scientists will change one or more factors between the experiments to see if the results change. Factors, also known as variables, are important elements in these experiments. These are often things like temperature, pH, pressure, time, distance, etc. Depending on the way the variable is being used in each experiment, it can be called either dependent or independent. Independent variables are those factors that are controlled by the scientists. Did the scientists increase the heat in the experiment? Did they add or remove pressure? If the scientists were the ones controlling the variable, it is independent.   Dependent variables are what the scientists observed changing. Let’s say that when the scientists increased the heat in our hypothetical experiment, the time also increased. To analyze the results, make sure to read all the text provided, including the title of each table. What is in each column? Make sure you understand how the labels in the data correspond to the descriptions in the passage. If there is a graph, read what is on the x-axis and y-axis. You should be doing this anyway to understand the factors, but it’s very important to read every single word on the page BEFORE diving into those questions! Don’t skip over anything just because it looks confusing or has unknown verbiage. A huge part of success on the ACT Science Test is simply knowing where to look for the right answer to the question!

Assessing an organisational structure and its financial impact - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2302 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? A well developed and appropriately connected structure is an important need for the objectives of organization. It provides fundamental features without which an organization cannot operate. An organizational operation could include decision making to their communication across the boards. These particular functions need to be well managed and operate in order for an organization to be successful. STRUCTURE OF HBL At present the Bank operates through one central and 23 Regional Offices and 1439 branches, all over Pakistan. The president and Executives Committee look after the affairs of the Bank. Each Regional Head Quarter is headed by a Chief Executive and assisted by General Manager Operations and General Manager Support Services. The Regional Head Quarter controls the branches in their area. Overseas operations consist of 65 main branches, two affiliates, two representative offices and two subsidiaries. President, from Head Office at Karachi controls the officers of the Bank with the help of the senior management. Functional responsibilities of the Banks are broken into seven groups known as International Operations Group Corporate Banking and Treasury Investment Group Retail Banking and Operation Group Finance, Audit and Administration Group Assets Remedial Management Group Credit Policy Group Corporate Bank, Financial Institutions and Project Finance Group In addition to the overall controlling authority, president also manages the International Operations Group individually. While the Senior Executive Vice Presidents supervise rest of the functional groups. Each Senior Executive Vice President is individually responsible for the group which is assigned to him. At the level of provinces there are Regional Head Quarters headed by Regional Chief Executives (RCE). Each RCE is assisted by GM operations and GM Support Services. Branches are also controlled by the RCEs. Circle Offices of the past times have been removed to reduce Managerial Layers, which were working under the control of Zonal Offices. This happened as a result of policy of beginning new changes in the organizational structure. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Assessing an organisational structure and its financial impact" essay for you Create order 2.1.6.2 Organizational Chart of HBL A chart defines the line of authority in an organization and its departmentation. It is a sort of visual presentation of the organizational structure. It specifies the duties and responsibilities of the personnel of the organization. The Organizational chart of HBL is given below. Chairman President Board of Directors SEVP International Operations SEVP Corporate Banking Treasury SEVP Retail Banking Information Technology SEVP Finance, Audit Administration SEVP Asset Remedial Management SEVP Credit Policy SEVP Corporate Banking, financial institute Project Finance 4.1 SWOT ANALYSIS OF HBL HBL is considered to be a very sound bank in the financial circles. The bank where the customers can safely keep their money as long as they want. In SWOT analysis the best strategies accomplish in organizations mission by: 1. Exploiting opportunities and strengths. Neutralizing its threats and Avoiding its weaknesses. Following is a list of SWOT of HBL 4.1.1 Strengths A skill or capability that enables HBL to conceive and implement its strategies. The officers of HBL are considered as one of the most able professionals in the banking world. I observed that HBL employees interact with their clients as if they are their personal friends and discuss about their problems as their own. HBL has got a reliable and easy to use internal computer system. Every information regarding the transactions in customers deposits has been computerized. HBL maintained its data properly. HBL has very good security system. HBL is the larger commercial bank in Pakistan with the network of over 1439 domestic and international branches. Being the pioneer of banking in Pakistan, HBL is the oldest and is the richest in experience. HBL focuses on consumer banking by lucrative schemes, products and services suiting best to the wants and demands of the customers. HBL has opened all its branches at commercial areas so that the customers or clients fa ce no problems in reaching to the bank. The band is always on the look to improve its services both to the domestic as well as overseas customers. Human resources development and introduction of new technology towards modern banking. 24 hours cash access and safe payment products for high value transaction. Having potential to encounter the competitive environment in the market. Veteran and experience private management group also involved in other interests like, textile and cement industry. Customer enjoys the services at the residential localities. 4.1.2 Weaknesses Highest number of branches effecting the proper maintenance and difficulty in providing same working environment at the each branch Poorer system of recovery of the system is a threat to bankruptcy. Lack of customer feed back. Low job satisfaction. Poor ATMs Service Inconsistency in efficiency and working atmosphere due to the largest of branches. Sense of insecurity in the employees serving at low profitable branches due to the down sizing. Females feel uneasy in an environment among the male workers. Victim of political, legal and socio-cultural pressures .Lack of professionalism in the branch employees mostly. 4.1.3 Opportunities Huge untapped market potential in consumer banking In opportunity exist, in form of opening of ladies banking section within the branch which is entirely a new idea and it will attract customer. Opportunity for developing value added services combined with corporate banking relationships, cash management services to large and medium sized corporate clients. Growing policies of government on business and commerce sector provide HBL opportunities to take advantages of these policies to meet efficiently with the business people to solve their problems with the instant cash and financing facilities. Govt. is taking very bold steps to promote IT in Pakistan. HBL has an opportunity to improve in technology. Large international network which principally focuses on trade finance with Pakistan can be utilized to tap trade activities in other markets. In addition, services such as cross border / offshore financing for corporate customers can be enhanced. Customer feedback o n different products and accounts has really improved the bank performance and encourage the atmosphere for other future policies. HBL also has an opportunity to expand its new technological advancement like; tele banking and internet banking facilities in order to serve the customer more efficiently, specially E-banking facility is also a new opportunity which is a flourishing business in foreign countries and can also be here, if HBL takes the initiatives. Further reduction in intermediation costs possible, with improving technology. Due to efficient and veteran management group, HBL can also improve Ill and expand its foreign operation successfully. Habib Bank Limited provide opportunity to utilize its skills and efficiencies in leasing business. 4.1.4 Threats An area in the environment that increases the difficulties the organizations achieving high performance. Consolidation in the banking sector resulting in increased competition. Shortage of trained and specialized staff at lower executive and officer levels The threat of inconsistency and government policy regarding to business and economics sectors, specially political and regional situation which makes the environment uncertain. Growing global technological advancement. Strict regulation by government over credit facilities to the customers as Ill as to meet the prudential. Loss of confidence of overseas customers due to freezing of accounts. Facing more competition by foreign banks in the market. Foreign banks are flourishing in field of consumer financing. Also the increasing operation of private banks. Highly attractive and advance services by foreign banks to their customers. Political forces; The events in the last couple of years; the bomb blast of May 28th 1998 and the subsequent freezing of the FCAs, the declaration thatRiba is Un-Islamic, and a volatile political scenario that saw the overthrow of the Nawaz Sharifregime, all contributed in highlighting the important role of government in the local economy. The freezing of the FCAs destroyed the confidence of foreign depositors. Also, the declaration thatRiba is against theSharia, is likely to cause tremendous uncertainty in the banking sector. After this Pakistans army totally holds on the government and push back the economy. Stability under the new regime is also very important for the economy as a whole. Continuous political changes have disrupted the policies and objectives as each regime brings with it its own agenda. Organizations need time to adjust to one regime and then work with it towards economic enhancement. Due the wrong policies of the government the extremism also develop in Pakistan and become the international issue in Pakistan and badly affected the Pakistan repute in the world and promote the uncertain conditions for the business in the Pakistan. Due to this the investors are not interested in the Pakistan. Economic Forces The Pakistan economy is more controlled economy, then one where market forces reign supreme. Several key institutions are stated owned. Thus a discussion of the economic forces that influence the private organization such as Habib Bank cannot ignore the substantial role played by the government in determining the state of the economy. The biggest indicator of the heavy role enjoyed by the government was evidence when foreign currency accounts (FCAs) were frozen on the orders of the ministry of finance in the wake of explosion tests on may 31st 1998. This and the recent efforts by the state bank to artificially lower the interest rates by revising the repo rates downwards and encouraging lower bids for T-Bill, highlights the overwhelming role of the government in the economy. Badla rates are a t rue indication of market rates at which financial intuitions are willing to lend but the government, under the dictates of the IMF wants to artificially lower the interest rates so as to provide investment liquidity within the economy. General Musharaf period of government putt back the economy of the Pakistan due to the wrong policies of the government for the economic growth in the Pakistan. Pakistan economy destroyed badly in that 10 to 11 years of the government, and investors hesitated to invest in the Pakistan, and also the load shading is another factor that effect the Pakistan economy badly. This not the end of the story after this Pakistan economy face lot of problems like bomb attacks in Pakistan no electricity and the unstable government, due to this the investor are not invest in the Pakistan and the existing business men finish their business unit due to the loss. Social forces: A low saving culture has offset the huge population advantage this is enjoyed by Pakistan. Also culture is dedicated by the religion, and in Pakistan a significant segment of the population is loath to accept interest for their deposits due to the negative religious implications of such an act. About 70% of Pakistans population is based on rural areas, thus making it harder for banks to mobilize their deposits within these regions. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢Habib group also started a school system in Karachi for the cherty purpose. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢They give the funds to the poor person on the daily basis Technological forces: Banks in the developed world have been turning to heavy IT investments, which differentiate their products, provide response times, enhance accessibility and improve customer satisfaction. Though investing in state-of-the-art host banking solution (Fiserv, Kapiti, etc) , ATM and POS ( point of sale) networks, visa, MasterCard, and Amex switches, smart cards, telebanking and now internet banking are common IT investment in the developed world, it is now that these products and services are gaining faster acceptance in Pakistan. Habib Bank change their technology in IT sector due to the requirements of the current time, before this they have the poor technology of the IT and un less skilled person in that field but at this time they replace it with the heavy installation of the IT instruments. They hired new skill employed and trained them for the efficient and effective work. The model of the five competitive forces was developed by Michael E. Porter in his book Competitive strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors in 1980 Porters model is based on the insight that a corporate strategy should meet the opportunities and threats in the organizations external environment Competing firms; Habib Bank limited is facing a strong competition from other private Pakistani banks like Metropolitan bank. Soneri bank and Askari Commercial bank. The improved per formance of the nationalized commercial banks (NCBs) is also the threat for the bank Al Habib. Foreign banks are also competing with the bank for same small medium sized companies. The bank is overcoming the incentive competition due to its strong reputation as a renowned financial group in Pakistan and a long history of experience in the banking sector. VI. Potential entry of new competitors; The entry barriers in this market are high. The new banks need permission from SBP so entry of new banks is restricted. Also the paid up capital requirement is likely to be raised from Rs.500 million to Rs.1 billion. VII.Development of substitute products; The non banking financial institutions including development finance institutions (DFIs), private sector investment banks (PSIBs), leasing corporations (LCs) and Modarbas are almost in the same line of business and can be treated to the bank. Other substitutes that compete include the national saving certificates, the stock ma rket, its supporting industry and brokerage houses. VIII.Bargaining power of suppliers; The main suppliers in the banking sectors are depositors. Although the bank is given higher return then any other bank (12% per annum) to attract the depositors but the low innovation in the product and also low investment in the marketing sector of the bank may provide difficulties in coming years. The regulatory bodies could also be the suppliers as they provide guidelines to the bank from time to time. These include the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), The Corporate Law Authority (CLA), The Ministry of Finance and the religious board. IX. Bargaining power of customers; The main customers are small traders and exporters based in Karachi and Lahore, majority of whom deal in textile related commodities. Since the bank is targeting the short-term trade finance market, the bargaining power of customer is substantial as other banks within the same sector like Bank Al Falah and Metropo litan are fast catching up with the Bank Al Habib in providing services to the traders.